How Myeloma Impacts the 9/11 Community

Multiple myeloma has been found to occur more frequently within the 9/11 community of first responders and downtown area workers, residents, students, and others in lower Manhattan between 9/11 and May 30, 2002. Understanding the connection between 9/11 exposure and multiple myeloma is essential, especially for those who present during the attacks or who lived, worked, or went to school in the toxic atmosphere in the nine (9) months after the attacks.

Here we explore the increased risks of developing multiple myeloma for the 9/11 community, what symptoms to watch out for, and the support available through programs like the World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP) and the 9/11 Victim Compensation Fund (VCF).

What Is 9/11-Related Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer that affects plasma cells, a type of white blood cell found in bone marrow. These cells help the body fight infections, but when they become cancerous, they can crowd out healthy blood cells, weaken bones, and impair immune function. While multiple myeloma can occur in anyone, studies have shown that 9/11 responders and the downtown NYC population have a markedly higher incidence of this disease due to exposure to toxic substances such as asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), lead, mercury, and other hazardous materials present at Ground Zero and as far north as Canal Street and the Fresh Kills Landfill and routes of debris removal.

There's a Higher Myeloma Risk in the 9/11 Community

Research has found a significant increase in multiple myeloma cases among individuals who were exposed to the 9/11 dust. Anyone who was present at Ground Zero and elsewhere in lower Manhattan south of Canal Street, the Fresh Kills Landfill, or the surrounding exposure zone are at a higher risk of developing this disease compared to the general population. Studies conducted by institutions such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have shown that prolonged exposure to carcinogenic materials like asbestos, benzene, and dioxins can trigger myeloma precursor diseases, which may progress to full-blown multiple myeloma over time.

Symptoms of 9/11-Related Myeloma

Early detection is crucial for managing myeloma effectively. Some people with multiple myeloma will have no obvious signs and symptoms, but others will have common symptoms including damage to the bones. Symptoms of multiple myeloma include the following:

Bone Pain: Persistent pain, particularly in the back, ribs, or hips, is a common symptom caused by bone damage.
Fatigue: A decrease in red blood cells can lead to anemia, causing fatigue and weakness.
Frequent Infections: Myeloma weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
Unexplained Weight Loss: Sudden weight loss without changes in diet or exercise may indicate the presence of cancer.
Kidney Problems: Elevated levels of abnormal proteins produced by myeloma cells can damage the kidneys.
Bruising or Bleeding: A decline in platelets can result in easy bruising and prolonged bleeding.
Increased Calcium: Elevated calcium levels from bone breakdown can lead to digestive issues such as nausea and constipation. Increased calcium levels may also lead to extreme thirst and frequent urination, as the body tries to flush out the excess calcium.
Nerve damage: Myeloma can cause nerve compression, leading to tingling, numbness, or weakness.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is recommended that you seek medical evaluation, especially if you were exposed to 9/11 toxins.

Support is Available Through the VCF and WTCHP

Individuals diagnosed with 9/11-related myeloma can access free medical monitoring and treatment and financial compensation through two essential programs:

World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP): The WTCHP provides medical monitoring, treatment, and support for eligible 9/11 responders and the downtown population of workers, residents, students, and and others who have been diagnosed with multiple myeloma or other types of cancer. This program covers the cost of treatment such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplants, ensuring that patients receive the care they need without financial strain. The program also provides cancer screening before symptoms develop, ensuring timely diagnosis and early treatment.

9/11 Victim Compensation Fund (VCF): The VCF offers financial compensation for both economic and non-economic losses associated with 9/11-related health conditions. This includes compensation for medical expenses, lost past and future income, lost benefits, and the pain and suffering caused by multiple myeloma. Families who have lost a loved one to multiple myeloma may also file wrongful death claims to receive financial support.

Protect Yourself During Myeloma Action Month

March is Myeloma Action Month – a time dedicated to raising awareness about multiple myeloma and advocating for ongoing screening to ensure early detection and prompt treatment. If you are part of the 9/11 community, consider taking this month as an opportunity to prioritize your health with the following actions:

Schedule Regular Screenings: Early detection of multiple myeloma precursor diseases can significantly improve outcomes associated with myeloma. Ensure you undergo routine medical checkups through the WTCHP.
Monitor Your Symptoms: Pay attention to any new or unusual symptoms and report them to your healthcare provider promptly.
Understand Your Benefits: Familiarize yourself with the services and compensation available through the WTCHP and VCF.
Seek Legal Support: An experienced 9/11 attorney can help you navigate the process of filing a VCF claim and ensure you receive the maximum compensation you deserve.

This Myeloma Action Month, take proactive steps to safeguard your health and secure the benefits you are entitled to.